Gun sight



May 19, 1942. a. F. PALDAN] GUN SIGHT Filed April 25, 1941 v mm m e w w &

01 EI'RICAL INSTRUMENTS;

Patented May 19, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE This invention relates to gun sights and has to do with sights for rifles and similar arms.

My invention is directed to gun sight means having micrometer adjusting means both for elevation and windage whereby accurate adjustment of the sight may be effected quickly and with precision, with a minimum of delay. The micrometer adjusting means includes click means whereby the extent of adjustment of the sight, either for elevation or for windage, may readily be determined without necessity for consulting the scales of the sight. I also provide means whereby any looseness or play of parts of the sight is eliminated, with a view to assuring that all parts thereof will remain in proper relation and accuracy in the use of the sight will be assured. Further, the sighting means of my invention is particularly suitable for application to sight leaves of known type, hinged or pivoted on bases also of known type, and is so associated with the sight leaf that the latter may be folded downward onto the base in the usual manner. The advantage of that is obvious in that it permits of the application of my invention to the leaves of many sights now in common use without necessitating any material change in either the sight leaf, or the associated base. Further objects and advantages of my invention will appear from the detail description.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a left side view of a sight base and a sight leaf of known type, with the sight means of my invention applied thereto, the base being partly broken away;

Figure 2 is a right side View of the sight means of my invention embodying the sight leaf of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a top or front view of the sight means of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a view, on an enlarged scale, of the sight means and the associated base, the latter being shown in section, of Figure 1 as seen from the rear when the sight leaf is in its upright position;

Figure 5 is an underneath view, on an enlarged scale, of the sight means including the sight leaf of Figure 1, with certain parts broken away and shown in section; and

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 66 of Figure 4.

I have illustrated my invention, by way of example, as applied to the sight base and leaf of a 1917 model Enfield rifle. The sight base In comprises lateral flanges II and I2 connected by a bridge element I3 to the top of which is suitably secured a rearwardly extending leaf spring I4 the rearward portion of which is slotted to provide two spaced fingers I5. A sight leaf I6 of elongated rectangular or oblong shape is pivoted at its rearward end to base I0, adjacent the rear thereof, by a pintle screw I! inserted through one side of the base and threading into a boss I8 formed integrally with flange I2. The rearward end of leaf I6 is provided with two flat surfaces disposed at right angles to each other, with which the fingers I5 cooperate for holding leaf I6 in either its upright position or its lowered position, in a known manner. The base I0, leaf I6 and spring I4 are, as noted, of known construction and operation and need not be described in greater detail. It will be understood, however, that the sight means of my invention may be applied to a hinge leaf of different type than that illustrated associated with a sight base also of different type than that illustrated, within the broader concepts of my invention.

Sight leaf I6 is provided on its rearward face (when raised) with the usual scale for indicating elevation, as shown in Figure 4. In applying the sight means of my invention to leaf I6 I provide a carriage 2|] comprising arms 2| and 22 extending forwardly from a cross member 23, the latter having a cubiform lug 24 extending rearward therefrom between arms 25 and 26 of leaf I6. Arm 2| is provided at its outer or rearward edge with a flange 21 which overlies arm 25 of leaf I6, and arm 22 is provided with a similar flange 28 overlying arm 26 of leaf I6, the inner faces of the flanges 21 and 28 being beveled inward toward the leaf, as shown, and each bearing a register mark 29 (Figure 4) for cooperation with the marks of the scale on leaf I6, in a known manner. A keeper 3!], of approximately H shape (Figure 5) is suitably secured, as by screws 3|, to the under or rearward face of lug 24. The parts are so proportioned that arms 2| and 22 fit snugly about arms 25 and 26 of the leaf I6, so as to permit movement of the carriage along the leaf while avoiding any objectionable looseness or play of the carriage. To guard against lateral movement of the carriage relative to the sight leaf, a short pin 32 is slidably mounted through one side of carriage 20. This pin bears at its inner end against the outer side of arm 26 of leaf I6 and is provided at its outer end with a reduced stud 33. A leaf spring 34 is suitably secured at one end, as by means of a screw 35, to arm 22 of carriage 20, adjacent the upper or forward end thereof, this spring being provided with an opening which receives stud 33, the lower or rearward end portion of spring 34 pressing against the outer end of pin 32. That serves to urge the carriage 26 toward the right, as viewed in Figure 4, thus guarding against any objectionable displacement of the carriage transversely of the sight leaf. Carriage 26 is thus mounted on leaf |6 for relative sliding movement and adjustment lengthwise thereof.

The upper or forward ends of arms 2| and 22 are connected by a cross bar 31 having an upwardly or forwardly extending tongue 38 provided, at its upper or forward end, with a rearwardly extending relatively thick flange 36, shown more clearly in Figure 5. Flange 36 is centrally bored and threaded for reception of an adjusting screw 46 rotatably mounted through the forward or upper end cross bar 4| of sight leaf l6. An adjusting disc 42 is secured to the upper end of screw 46, conveniently by being formed integrally therewith; this disc having a hub element 43 which contacts the outer face of bar 4| cooperating therewith to prevent inward movement of screw 46. A stop nut 44 is threaded on screw 46 and contacts the inner face of bar 4|, this. stop nut 44 being secured in adjustment by a jam nut 45 also threaded on screw 46. In that manner screw. 46 is confined against endwise movement in either direction and provides means for effecting desired adjustment of carriage 26 in either direction lengthwise of sight leaf |6.

Disc 42 is provided with a suitable number, as four, of apertures 46 extending therethrough parallel with the axis of screw 46, suitably spaced therefrom and arranged in a circle concentric therewith. The end portion of each aperture 46 at the face of disc 42 adjacent bar 4| is enlarged and rounded to provide a recess for reception of a detent in the form of a ball 41 mounted in a bore 48 in bar 4| and urged outward by a compression coil spring 49 confined between ball 41 and the lower end of bore 48. Two detents 41 are shown in Figure 5, disposed at opposite sides of screw 46 to avoid any tendency to cause tilting and binding thereof, though but one detent may I be provided if desired. The pitch of the threads of screw 46 is such that turning thereof through an angle corresponding to the distance between two adjacent apertures 46 effects an adjustment of one-half a minute of the carriage 26, one complete rotation of the screw effecting an adjustment of two minutes of the carriage. The screw 46 and associated parts thus provide micrometer means for effecting precision adjustment of the carriage 26 for sighting in a rifle provided with the sight means of my invention. The disc 42 and the detents 41 provide click means for looking screw 46 in adjustment, thus locking the carriage in adjustment, such click means rendering possible accurate adjustment of the carriage to desired extent without necessity for consulting the scale on leaf l6, as will be understood, and for effecting slight adjustment of the carriage for which there are no corresponding marks on the scale. Lug 24 of cross member 23 is provided with a bore 56 suitably disposed and of proper diameter to accommodate the lower portion of adjusting screw 46 in the travel of carriage 26 toward the upper end of leaf l6, in the raised position of the latter.

Carriage 26 is further provided with two rearwardly extending arms and 52 disposed above cross member 23 and parallel with the sides of leaf l6, arms 5| and 52 being spaced apart a distance substantially equal to the width of the sight leaf. A guide pin 53 is inserted through arm 52, with its right hand end portion, as viewed in Figure 4, fitting snugly in a bore 54 in arm 5|. Pin 53 is provided, at its other end, with an enlarged threaded element 55 which is screwed into arm 52 for securing pin 53 in position. Element 55 projects outward beyond the outer face of arm 52, for a purpose which will be described presently.

Pin 53 passes snugly through the rearward end portion of a sight block 56 disposed between arms 5| and 52 and of materially less width than the distance between the two arms. An adjusting screw 51 is threaded through the forward end portion of block 56, this screw being provided at its right hand end with a reduced stud 58 which fits snugly in a corresponding borein arm 5|. Screw 51 is provided, at its other end, with a reduced shank 66 which passes through a bore 6| in arm 52, of a diameter equal to the body of screw 51 to permit insertion thereof through arm ,52. An adjusting disc 62 is secured to the outer end of, shank 66, conveniently by being formed integrally therewith, this disc being provided with a hub element 63 which bears against the outer face of arm 52 for limiting inward movement of screw 51. Disc 62 is further provided with a central outwardly extending stud 64 which fits through a corresponding opening in a leaf spring 65 through the rearward end of which extends element 55 of pin 53. A split spring washer 66 is disposed between the inner face of spring 65 and the outer face of arm 52, the rearward end of spring 65 being clamped between washer 66 and a nut 61 screwed upon element 55. Spring 65 extends across the outer face of disc 62 and is provided, adjacent itsforward end, with a detent element 66 pressed therein, disposed for engagement into any one, selectively, of a plurality of detent receiving recesses 69 formed in the outer face of disc 62.

An aperture sight, comprising a cupped disc 16 having a reduced threaded neck 1| provided with an axial bore or aperture 12, is mounted on block 56 centrally thereof. Neck 1| screws into block 56 and the sight may be removed and replaced by a similar sight having an aperture of different diameter, in order to provide'a sight having an aperture of desired diameter, as isknown. The block 56 is slidably mounted on pin 53 for movement transversely of carriage 26 and of leaf l6, screw 51 serving to support the forward end of block 56 and providing micrometer means for effecting adjustment thereof for desired windage. The leaf spring 65 serves to urge screw 51 toward the right, as viewed in Figure 4, cooperating with disc 62 and arm 52for confining the screw against endwise movement in either direction and eliminating any looseness or play such as would affect accuracy of the sight means. Disc 62 is shown as being provided with six detent receiving recesses 69, the distance between two adjacent recesses corresponding to a onehalf minute adjustment of block 56, one complete revolution of disc 62 being equal to a three minute adjustment of the sight block. The spring 65 and detent element 68 thereof provide, together with disc 62 and the recesses 69 thereof, click means for adjusting the sight for windage. Block 56 is provided, at its forward face, with a scale 14, cross member 23 of frame 26 being provided, at its forward face, with a register mark 15 for cooperation with scale 14. The travel of block 56 is suflicient to provide fifteen minutes windage adjustment in either direction, which is ample for all ordinary purposes, though provision for greater adjustment of the sight block may be made if desired, as will be understood.

It will be seen that I have provided a hinged sight leaf with micrometer means for adjusting the sight both for elevation and for windage and for looking it in adjustment, the micrometer means in each instance including click means and being so disposed as to clear the base 10 when leaf I6 is folded downward into its lowered position, indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1. It is thus possible to fold the hinged leaf l6 downward into base in any adjusted position of the sight, which may remain in its set position available for use when leaf I6 is turned into its upright position. I thus avoid any necessity for racking down the sight or changing its position in order to permit lowering thereof into a position of non-use, the advantages of which with respect to saving in time and avoiding necessity of resetting of the sight will be obvious.

As above indicated, and as will be understood by those skilled in the art, changes in construction and arrangement of parts of my invention may be resorted to without departing from the field and scope thereof, and I intend to include all such variations, as fall within the scope of the appended claims, in this application in which the preferred form only of my invention is disclosed.

I claim:

1. In gun sight means of the character described, a sight leaf, a carriage slidably mounted on said leaf for adjustment lengthwise thereof, means for adjusting said carriage, the latter comprising two rearwardly extending arms parallel with the sides of said leaf, a guide pin secured in said arms extending therebetween and projecting outward beyond one thereof, a sight block slidable on said pin, an adjusting screw parallel with said pin extending between and slidably mounted in said arms, said screw having threaded. engagement with said block, an adjusting disc secured on said screw adjacent the outer side of said one arm of said carriage and cooperating therewith for limiting inward movement of said screw, said disc having therein detent receiving recesses, a leaf spring secured on the projecting portion of said pin extending over the outer face of said disc and having a detent element disposed to engage in said recesses, said spring urging said screw inward, and a sight carried by said block.

2. In gun sight means of the character described, a sight leaf, a carriage slidably mounted on said leaf for adjustment lengthwise thereof, means for adjusting said carriage, the latter comprising two rearwardly extending arms parallel with the sides of said leaf, a guide pin secured in said arms extending therebetween and projecting outward beyond one thereof, a sight block slidable on said pin, an adjusting screw parallel with said pin extending between and slidably mounted in said arms, said screw having threaded engagement with said block, an adjusting disc secured on said screw adjacent the outer side of said one arm of said carriage and cooperating therewith for limiting inward movement of said screw, said disc having therein detent receiving recesses and being provided with a central outwardly extending stud, a leaf spring secured on the projecting portion of said pin extending over the outer face of said disc and having an opening receiving said stud and a detent element disposed to engage in said recesses, said spring urging said screw inward, and a sight carried by said block.

GEORGE F. PALDANI. 

